FreeBSD Performance Tunning

# File: /boot/loader.conf

# Reduce boot-time delay.
autoboot_delay="-1"

# Disable beastie logo.
beastie_disable="YES"

# Intel(R) PRO/1000 Gigabit Ethernet adapter driver, preload.
if_em_load="YES"

# Advanced Host Controller Interface (AHCI).
ahci_load="YES"

# H-TCP Congestion Control for a more aggressive increase in speed on higher
# latency, high bandwidth networks with some packet loss.
cc_htcp_load="YES"

# hostcache cachelimit is the number of ip addresses in the hostcache list.
# Setting the value to zero(0) stops any ip address connection information from
# being cached and negates the need for "net.inet.tcp.hostcache.expire". We
# find disabling the hostcache increases burst data rates by 2x if a subnet was
# incorrectly graded as slow on a previous connection. A host cache entry is
# the client's cached tcp connection details and metrics (TTL, SSTRESH and
# VARTTL) the server can use to improve future performance of connections
# between the same two hosts. When a tcp connection is completed, our server
# will cache information about the connection until an expire timeout. If a new
# connection between the same client is initiated before the cache has expired,
# the connection will use the cached connection details to setup the
# connection's internal variables. This pre-cached setup allows the client and
# server to reach optimal performance significantly faster because the server
# will not need to go through the usual steps of re-learning the optimal
# parameters for the connection. To view the current host cache stats use
# "sysctl net.inet.tcp.hostcache.list"
net.inet.tcp.hostcache.cachelimit="0"

# Change the zfs pool output to show the GPT id for each drive instead of the
# gptid or disk identifier. The gpt id will look like "ada0p2"; the gpt id
# "ada0" of the first drive found on the AHCI SATA / SAS / SCSI chain and
# partition string "p2".  Use "gpart list" to see all drive identifiers and
# "zpool status" to see the chosen id through ZFS.
kern.geom.label.disk_ident.enable="0"
kern.geom.label.gpt.enable="1"
kern.geom.label.gptid.enable="0"

# Interface Maximum Queue Length: common recommendations are to set the interface
# buffer size to the number of packets the interface can transmit (send) in 50
# milliseconds _OR_ 256 packets times the number of interfaces in the machine;
# whichever value is greater. To calculate a size of a 50 millisecond buffer
# for a 60 megabit network take the bandwidth in megabits divided by 8 bits
# divided by the MTU times 50 millisecond times 1000, 60/8/1460*50*1000=256.84
# packets in 50 milliseconds. OR, if the box has two(2) interfaces take 256
# packets times two(2) NICs to equal 512 packets. 512 is greater then 256.84 so
# set to 512.
#
# Our preference is to define the interface queue length as two(2) times the
# value set in the interface transmit descriptor ring, "hw.igb.txd". If
# hw.igb.txd="1024" then set the net.link.ifqmaxlen="2048".
#
# An indirect result of increasing the interface queue is the buffer acts like
# a large TCP initial congestion window (init_cwnd) by allowing a network stack
# to burst packets at the start of a connection. Do not to set to zero(0) or
# the network will stop working due to "no network buffers" available. Do not
# set the interface buffer ludicrously large to avoid buffer bloat.
net.link.ifqmaxlen="2048"  # (default 50)

# Enable the optimized version of soreceive() for stream (TCP) sockets.
# soreceive_stream() only does one sockbuf unlock/lock per receive independent
# of the length of data to be moved into the uio compared to soreceive() which
# unlocks/locks per *mbuf*. soreceive_stream() can significantly reduced CPU
# usage and lock contention when receiving fast TCP streams. Additional gains
# are obtained when the receiving application is using SO_RCVLOWAT to batch up
# some data before a read (and wakeup) is done.
net.inet.tcp.soreceive_stream="1"  # (default 0)

# RC.conf - System configuration information.

# Machine name.
hostname="Taurean"

# Network.
ifconfig_em0="DHCP -lro -tso"

# Enable ZFS filesystem.
zfs_enable="YES"

# Disable update motd.
update_motd="NO"

# Clear /tmp on boot.
clear_tmp_enable="YES"

# Allow packets to pass between interfaces.
gateway_enable="YES"

# Keboard delay to 250 ms and repeat to 34 cps.
keyrate="250.34"

# Daemons disabled.
dumpdev="NO"
sendmail_enable="NONE"

# Daemons enabled.
#ntpdate_enable="YES"
#ntpdate_hosts="c.ntp.br"
#ntpd_flags="-g"
sshd_enable="YES"
syslogd_flags="-ss"

# Firewall: Ip Forwarding to allow packets to traverse between interfaces and
# is used for firewalls, bridges and routers. When fast IP forwarding is also
# enabled, IP packets are forwarded directly to the appropriate network
# interface with direct processing to completion, which greatly improves the
# throughput. All packets for local IP addresses, non-unicast, or with IP
# options are handled by the normal IP input processing path. All features of
# the normal (slow) IP forwarding path are supported by fast forwarding
# including firewall (through pfil(9) hooks) checking, except ipsec tunnel
# brokering. The IP fast forwarding path does not generate ICMP redirect or
# source quench messages though. Compared to normal IP forwarding, fast
# forwarding can give a speedup of 40 to 60% in packet forwarding performance
# which is great for interactive connections like online games or VOIP where
# low latency is critical.
net.inet.ip.forwarding=1                   # (default 0)

# H-TCP congestion control: The Hamilton TCP (HighSpeed-TCP) algorithm is a
# packet loss based congestion control and is more aggressive pushing up to max
# bandwidth (total BDP) and favors hosts with lower TTL / VARTTL then the
# default "newreno". Understand "newreno" works well in most conditions and
# enabling HTCP may only gain a you few percentage points of throughput.
# http://www.sigcomm.org/sites/default/files/ccr/papers/2008/July/1384609-1384613.pdf
# make sure to also add 'cc_htcp_load="YES"' to /boot/loader.conf then check
# available congestion control options with "sysctl net.inet.tcp.cc.available"
net.inet.tcp.cc.algorithm=htcp  # (default newreno)

# H-TCP congestion control: adaptive back off will increase bandwidth
# utilization by adjusting the additive-increase/multiplicative-decrease (AIMD)
# backoff parameter according to the amount of buffers available on the path.
# adaptive backoff ensures no queue along the path will remain completely empty
# after a packet loss event which increases buffer efficiency.
net.inet.tcp.cc.htcp.adaptive_backoff=1  # (default 0 ; disabled)

# H-TCP congestion control: RTT scaling will increase the fairness between
# competing TCP flows traversing different RTT paths through a common
# bottleneck. rtt_scaling increases the Congestion Window Size (CWND)
# independent of path round-trip time (RTT) leading to lower latency for
# interactive sessions when the connection is saturated by bulk data transfers.
# Default is 0 (disabled)
net.inet.tcp.cc.htcp.rtt_scaling=1  # (default 0 ; disabled)

# RFC 6675 increases the accuracy of TCP Fast Recovery when combined with
# Selective Acknowledgement (net.inet.tcp.sack.enable=1). TCP loss recovery is
# enhanced by computing "pipe", a sender side estimation of the number of bytes
# still outstanding on the network. Fast Recovery is augmented by sending data
# on each ACK as necessary to prevent "pipe" from falling below the slow-start
# threshold (ssthresh). The TCP window size and SACK-based decisions are still
# determined by the congestion control algorithm; H-TCP if enabled, newreno by
# default.
net.inet.tcp.rfc6675_pipe=1  # (default 0)

# maximum segment size (MSS) specifies the largest payload of data in a single
# IPv4 TCP segment. RFC 6691 states the maximum segment size should equal the
# effective MTU minus the fixed IP and TCP headers, but without subtracting IP
# or TCP options. To construct the MMS, start with the interface MTU of 1500
# bytes and subtract 20 bytes for the IP header and 20 bytes for the TCP header
# to equal 1460 bytes. An MMS of 1460 bytes has a 97% packet efficiency
# (1460/1500=0.97) Note: with net.inet.tcp.rfc1323 enabled, hosts can negotiate
# the tcp timestamps option which reduces the packet payload by 12 bytes and
# the MSS is automatically reduced from 1460 bytes to 1448 bytes total. An MMS
# of 1448 bytes has a 96.5% packet efficiency (1448/1500=0.965) WARNING: if you
# are using PF with an outgoing scrub rule then PF will re-package the packet
# using an MTU of 1460 by default, thus overriding this mssdflt setting and
# possibly wasting CPU time.
net.inet.tcp.mssdflt=1460  # (default 536)

# minimum, maximum segment size (mMSS) specifies the smallest payload of data
# in a single IPv4 TCP segment our system will agree to send when negotiating
# with the client. RFC 6691 states that a minimum MTU frame size of 576 bytes
# must be supported and the MSS option should equal the effective MTU minus the
# fixed IP and TCP headers, but without subtracting IP or TCP options. To
# construct the minimum MMS, start with the minimum recommended MTU size of 576
# bytes and subtract 20 bytes for the IP header and 20 bytes for the TCP header
# to equal 536 bytes. An mMMS of 536 bytes should allow our server to forward
# data across any network without being fragmented and still preserve an
# overhead to data ratio of 93% packet efficiency (536/576=0.93). The default
# mMMS is only 84% efficient (216/256=0.84).
net.inet.tcp.minmss=536  # (default 216)

# Reduce the amount of SYN/ACKs the server will re-transmit to an ip address
# whom did not respond to the first SYN/ACK. On a client's initial connection
# our server will always send a SYN/ACK in response to the client's initial
# SYN. Limiting retranstited SYN/ACKS reduces local syn cache size and a "SYN
# flood" DoS attack's collateral damage by not sending SYN/ACKs back to spoofed
# ips, multiple times. If we do continue to send SYN/ACKs to spoofed IPs they
# may send RST's back to us and an "amplification" attack would begin against
# our host. If you do not wish to send retransmits at all then set to zero(0)
# especially if you are under a SYN attack. If our first SYN/ACK gets dropped
# the client will re-send another SYN if they still want to connect. Also set
# "net.inet.tcp.msl" to two(2) times the average round trip time of a client,
# but no lower then 2000ms (2s). Test with "netstat -s -p tcp" and look under
# syncache entries. http://www.ouah.org/spank.txt
# http://people.freebsd.org/~jlemon/papers/syncache.pdf
net.inet.tcp.syncache.rexmtlimit=0  # (default 3)

# IP fragments require CPU processing time and system memory to reassemble. Due
# to multiple attacks vectors ip fragmentation can contribute to and that
# fragmentation can be used to evade packet inspection and auditing, we will
# not accept ipv4 fragments. Comment out these directives when supporting
# traffic which generates fragments by design; like NFS and certain
# preternatural functions of the Sony PS4.
# https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_fragmentation_attack
net.inet.ip.maxfragpackets=0     # (default 13687)
net.inet.ip.maxfragsperpacket=0  # (default 16)

# TCP Slow start gradually increases the data send rate until the TCP
# congestion algorithm (HTCP) calculates the networks maximum carrying capacity
# without dropping packets. TCP Congestion Control with Appropriate Byte
# Counting (ABC) allows our server to increase the maximum congestion window
# exponentially by the amount of data ACKed, but limits the maximum increment
# per ACK to (abc_l_var * maxseg) bytes. An abc_l_var of 44 times a maxseg of
# 1460 bytes would allow slow start to increase the congestion window by more
# than 64 kilobytes per step; 65535 bytes is the TCP receive buffer size of
# most hosts without TCP window scaling.
net.inet.tcp.abc_l_var=44  # (default 2)

# Initial Congestion Window (initcwnd) limits the amount of segments that TCP
# can send onto the network before receiving an ACK from the other machine.
# Increasing the TCP Initial Congestion Window will reduce data transfer
# latency during the slow start phase of a TCP connection. The initial
# congestion window should be increased to speed up short, burst connections
# in order to send the most data in the shortest time frame without overloading
# any network buffers. Google's study reported sixteen(16) segments as showing
# the lowest latency initial congestion window. Also test 44 segments which is
# 65535 bytes, the TCP receive buffer size of most hosts without TCP window
# scaling. https://developers.google.com/speed/articles/tcp_initcwnd_paper.pdf
net.inet.tcp.initcwnd_segments=44             # (default 10 for FreeBSD 11.0)
#net.inet.tcp.experimental.initcwnd10=1       # (default  1 for FreeBSD 10.1)
#net.inet.tcp.experimental.initcwnd10=1       # (default  0 for FreeBSD  9.2)
#net.inet.tcp.local_slowstart_flightsize=44   # (default  4 for FreeBSD  9.1)
#net.inet.tcp.slowstart_flightsize=44         # (default  4 for FreeBSD  9.1)

# TCP Receive Window: The throughput of connection is limited by two windows: the
# (Initial) Congestion Window and the TCP Receive Window (wsize). The Congestion
# Window avoids exceeding the capacity of the network (H-TCP congestion
# control); and the Receive Window avoids exceeding the capacity of the
# receiver to process data (flow control). When our server is able to process
# packets as fast as they are received we want to allow the remote sending
# host to send data as fast as the network, Congestion Window, will allow.
# Increase the Window Scaling Factor (wsize) to fourteen(14) which allows the
# our server to receive 2^14 x 65,535 bytes = 1,064,960 bytes (100 gigabit) on
# the network before requiring an ACK packet.
#
# maxsockbuf:   2MB  wsize:  6  2^ 6*65KB =    4MB (FreeBSD default)
# maxsockbuf: 600MB  wsize: 14  2^14*65KB = 1064MB
kern.ipc.maxsockbuf=614400000  # (wsize 14)

# Syncookies have advantages and disadvantages. Syncookies are useful if you
# are being DoS attacked as this method helps filter the proper clients from
# the attack machines. But, since the TCP options from the initial SYN are not
# saved in syncookies, the tcp options are not applied to the connection,
# precluding use of features like window scale, timestamps, or exact MSS
# sizing. As the returning ACK establishes the connection, it may be possible
# for an attacker to ACK flood a machine in an attempt to create a connection.
# Another benefit to overflowing to the point of getting a valid SYN cookie is
# the attacker can include data payload. Now that the attacker can send data to
# a FreeBSD network daemon, even using a spoofed source IP address, they can
# have FreeBSD do processing on the data which is not something the attacker
# could do without having SYN cookies. Even though syncookies are helpful
# during a DoS, we are going to disable syncookies at this time.
net.inet.tcp.syncookies=0  # (default 1)

# TCP segmentation offload (TSO), also called large segment offload (LSO),
# should be disabled on NAT firewalls and routers. TSO/LSO works by queuing up
# large buffers and letting the network interface card (NIC) split them into
# separate packets. The problem is the NIC can build a packet that is the wrong
# size and would be dropped by a switch or the receiving machine, like for NFS
# fragmented traffic. If the packet is dropped the overall sending bandwidth is
# reduced significantly. You can also disable TSO in /etc/rc.conf using the
# "-tso" directive after the network card configuration; for example,
# ifconfig_igb0="inet 10.10.10.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 -tso". Verify TSO is off
# on the hardware by making sure TSO4 and TSO6 are not seen in the "options="
# section using ifconfig.
# http://www.peerwisdom.org/2013/04/03/large-send-offload-and-network-performance/
net.inet.tcp.tso=0  # (default 1)

# Fortuna pseudorandom number generator (PRNG) maximum event size is also
# referred to as the minimum pool size. Fortuna has a main generator which
# supplies the OS with PRNG data. The Fortuna generator is seeded by 32
# separate 'Fortuna' accumulation pools which each have to be filled with at
# least 'minpoolsize' bytes before being able to seed the generator. On
# FreeBSD, the default 'minpoolsize' of 64 bytes is an estimate of how many
# bytes a new pool should contain to provide at least 128 bits of entropy.
# After a pool is used in a generator reseed, it is reset to an empty string
# and must reach 'minpoolsize' bytes again before being used as a seed. By
# increasing the 'minpoolsize' we allow higher entropy into the accumulation
# pools before being assimilated by the generator. 256 bytes will provide an
# absolute minimum of 512 bits of entropy, but realistically closer to 2048
# bits of entropy, for each of the 32 accumulation pools. Values between 64
# bytes and 256 bytes are reasonable, but higher values like 1024 bytes are
# also acceptable when coupled with a dedicated hardware based PRNG like the
# fast source Intel Secure Key RNG.
kern.random.fortuna.minpoolsize=2048  # (default 64)

# Initial Sequence Numbers (ISN) refer to the unique 32-bit sequence number
# assigned to each new Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) connection. The TCP
# protocol assigns an ISN to each new byte, beginning with 0 and incrementally
# adding a secret number every four seconds until the limit is exhausted. In
# continuous communication all available ISN options could be used up in a few
# hours. Normally a new secret number is only chosen after the ISN limit has
# been exceeded. In order to defend against Sequence Number Attacks the ISN
# secret key should not be used sufficiently often that it would be regarded as
# insecure or predictable. Reseeding will break TIME_WAIT recycling for a few
# minutes. BUT, for the more paranoid, simply choose a random number of seconds
# in which a new ISN secret should be generated.
# https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6528
net.inet.tcp.isn_reseed_interval=4500  # (default 0, disabled)

#
# HardenedBSD and DoS mitigation
#
hw.kbd.keymap_restrict_change=4    # disallow keymap changes for non-privileged users
kern.ipc.shm_use_phys=1            # lock shared memory into RAM and prevent it from being paged out to swap (default 0, disabled)
kern.msgbuf_show_timestamp=1       # display timestamp in msgbuf (default 0)
kern.randompid=7657                # calculate PIDs by the modulus of the integer given, choose a random int (default 0)
net.inet.icmp.drop_redirect=1      # no redirected ICMP packets (default 0)
net.inet.ip.check_interface=1      # verify packet arrives on correct interface (default 0)
net.inet.ip.portrange.first=1024   # use ports 1024 to portrange.last for outgoing connections (default 10000)
net.inet.ip.portrange.randomcps=999 # use random port allocation if less than this many ports per second are allocated (default 10)
net.inet.ip.random_id=1            # assign a random IP id to each packet leaving the system (default 0)
net.inet.ip.redirect=0             # do not send IP redirects (default 1)
net.inet.sctp.blackhole=2          # drop stcp packets destined for closed ports (default 0)
net.inet.tcp.always_keepalive=0    # disable tcp keep alive detection for dead peers, keepalive can be spoofed (default 1)
net.inet.tcp.blackhole=2           # drop tcp packets destined for closed ports (default 0)
net.inet.tcp.drop_synfin=1         # SYN/FIN packets get dropped on initial connection (default 0)
net.inet.tcp.ecn.enable=0          # Explicit Congestion Notification disabled unless proper active queue management is verified (default 2)
net.inet.tcp.fast_finwait2_recycle=1 # recycle FIN/WAIT states quickly, helps against DoS, but may cause false RST (default 0)
net.inet.tcp.finwait2_timeout=5000 # TCP FIN_WAIT_2 timeout waiting for client FIN packet before state close (default 60000, 60 sec)
net.inet.tcp.icmp_may_rst=0        # icmp may not send RST to avoid spoofed icmp/udp floods (default 1)
net.inet.tcp.keepinit=5000         # establish connection in five(5) seconds or abort attempt (default 75000, 75 secs)
net.inet.tcp.msl=2500              # Maximum Segment Lifetime, time the connection spends in TIME_WAIT state (default 30000, 2*MSL = 60 sec)
net.inet.tcp.nolocaltimewait=1     # remove TIME_WAIT states for the loopback interface (default 0)
net.inet.tcp.path_mtu_discovery=0  # disable MTU discovery since many hosts drop ICMP type 3 packets (default 1)
net.inet.tcp.rexmit_slop=70        # reduce the TCP retransmit timer, min+slop=100ms (default 200ms)
net.inet.udp.blackhole=1           # drop udp packets destined for closed sockets (default 0)
security.bsd.hardlink_check_gid=1  # unprivileged processes may not create hard links to files owned by other groups (default 0)
security.bsd.hardlink_check_uid=1  # unprivileged processes may not create hard links to files owned by other users (default 0)
security.bsd.see_other_gids=0      # groups only see their own processes. root can see all (default 1)
security.bsd.see_other_uids=0      # users only see their own processes. root can see all (default 1)
security.bsd.stack_guard_page=1    # stack smashing protection (SSP), ProPolice, defence against buffer overflows (default 0)
security.bsd.unprivileged_proc_debug=0 # unprivileged processes may not use process debugging (default 1)
security.bsd.unprivileged_read_msgbuf=0 # unprivileged processes may not read the kernel message buffer (default 1)

cp /usr/src/sys/amd64/conf/GENERIC /usr/src/sys/amd64/conf/Taurean
vi /usr/src/sys/amd64/conf/Taurean

# $FreeBSD: releng/11.0/sys/amd64/conf/GENERIC 302410 2016-07-08 00:22:14Z gjb $

cpu             HAMMER
ident           Taurean

# enable Pf without ALTQ (HFSC)
device pf
device pflog
device pfsync
options ALTQ
options ALTQ_HFSC
options ALTQ_NOPCC

# forward packets without decrementing
# the time to live (TTL) counter
options IPSTEALTH

makeoptions     DEBUG=-g                # Build kernel with gdb(1) debug symbols
makeoptions     WITH_CTF=1              # Run ctfconvert(1) for DTrace support

options         SCHED_ULE               # ULE scheduler
options         PREEMPTION              # Enable kernel thread preemption
options         INET                    # InterNETworking

#options        INET6                   # IPv6 communications protocols

options         IPSEC                   # IP (v4/v6) security
options         TCP_OFFLOAD             # TCP offload
options         SCTP                    # Stream Control Transmission Protocol
options         FFS                     # Berkeley Fast Filesystem
options         SOFTUPDATES             # Enable FFS soft updates support
options         UFS_ACL                 # Support for access control lists
options         UFS_DIRHASH             # Improve performance on big directories
options         UFS_GJOURNAL            # Enable gjournal-based UFS journaling
#options        QUOTA                   # Enable disk quotas for UFS
options         MD_ROOT                 # MD is a potential root device

#options        NFSCL                   # Network Filesystem Client
#options        NFSD                    # Network Filesystem Server
#options        NFSLOCKD                # Network Lock Manager
#options        NFS_ROOT                # NFS usable as /, requires NFSCL
#options        MSDOSFS                 # MSDOS Filesystem
#options        CD9660                  # ISO 9660 Filesystem
options         PROCFS                  # Process filesystem (requires PSEUDOFS)
options         PSEUDOFS                # Pseudo-filesystem framework
options         GEOM_PART_GPT           # GUID Partition Tables.
options         GEOM_RAID               # Soft RAID functionality.
options         GEOM_LABEL              # Provides labelization
options         COMPAT_FREEBSD32        # Compatible with i386 binaries
options         COMPAT_FREEBSD4         # Compatible with FreeBSD4
options         COMPAT_FREEBSD5         # Compatible with FreeBSD5
options         COMPAT_FREEBSD6         # Compatible with FreeBSD6
options         COMPAT_FREEBSD7         # Compatible with FreeBSD7
options         COMPAT_FREEBSD9         # Compatible with FreeBSD9
options         COMPAT_FREEBSD10        # Compatible with FreeBSD10
options         SCSI_DELAY=5000         # Delay (in ms) before probing SCSI
options         KTRACE                  # ktrace(1) support
options         STACK                   # stack(9) support
options         SYSVSHM                 # SYSV-style shared memory
options         SYSVMSG                 # SYSV-style message queues
options         SYSVSEM                 # SYSV-style semaphores
options         _KPOSIX_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING # POSIX P1003_1B real-time extensions
options         PRINTF_BUFR_SIZE=128    # Prevent printf output being interspersed.
options         KBD_INSTALL_CDEV        # install a CDEV entry in /dev
options         HWPMC_HOOKS             # Necessary kernel hooks for hwpmc(4)
options         AUDIT                   # Security event auditing
options         CAPABILITY_MODE         # Capsicum capability mode
options         CAPABILITIES            # Capsicum capabilities
options         MAC                     # TrustedBSD MAC Framework
options         KDTRACE_FRAME           # Ensure frames are compiled in
options         KDTRACE_HOOKS           # Kernel DTrace hooks
options         DDB_CTF                 # Kernel ELF linker loads CTF data
options         INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE     # Include this file in kernel
options         RACCT                   # Resource accounting framework
options         RACCT_DEFAULT_TO_DISABLED # Set kern.racct.enable=0 by default
options         RCTL                    # Resource limits

# Debugging support.  Always need this:
options         KDB                     # Enable kernel debugger support.
options         KDB_TRACE               # Print a stack trace for a panic.

# Make an SMP-capable kernel by default
options         SMP                     # Symmetric MultiProcessor Kernel
options         DEVICE_NUMA             # I/O Device Affinity

# CPU frequency control
device          cpufreq

# Bus support.
device          acpi
options         ACPI_DMAR
device          pci
options         PCI_HP                  # PCI-Express native HotPlug
options         PCI_IOV                 # PCI SR-IOV support

# Floppy drives
#device          fdc

# ATA controllers
device          ahci                    # AHCI-compatible SATA controllers
device          ata                     # Legacy ATA/SATA controllers
device          mvs                     # Marvell 88SX50XX/88SX60XX/88SX70XX/SoC SATA
device          siis                    # SiliconImage SiI3124/SiI3132/SiI3531 SATA

# SCSI Controllers
device          ahc                     # AHA2940 and onboard AIC7xxx devices
options         AHC_REG_PRETTY_PRINT    # Print register bitfields in debug
                                        # output.  Adds ~128k to driver.
device          ahd                     # AHA39320/29320 and onboard AIC79xx devices
options         AHD_REG_PRETTY_PRINT    # Print register bitfields in debug
                                        # output.  Adds ~215k to driver.
device          esp                     # AMD Am53C974 (Tekram DC-390(T))
device          hptiop                  # Highpoint RocketRaid 3xxx series
device          isp                     # Qlogic family
#device         ispfw                   # Firmware for QLogic HBAs- normally a module
device          mpt                     # LSI-Logic MPT-Fusion
device          mps                     # LSI-Logic MPT-Fusion 2
device          mpr                     # LSI-Logic MPT-Fusion 3
#device         ncr                     # NCR/Symbios Logic
device          sym                     # NCR/Symbios Logic (newer chipsets + those of `ncr')
device          trm                     # Tekram DC395U/UW/F DC315U adapters

device          adv                     # Advansys SCSI adapters
device          adw                     # Advansys wide SCSI adapters
device          aic                     # Adaptec 15[012]x SCSI adapters, AIC-6[23]60.
device          bt                      # Buslogic/Mylex MultiMaster SCSI adapters
device          isci                    # Intel C600 SAS controller

# ATA/SCSI peripherals
device          scbus                   # SCSI bus (required for ATA/SCSI)
device          ch                      # SCSI media changers
device          da                      # Direct Access (disks)
device          sa                      # Sequential Access (tape etc)
device          cd                      # CD
device          pass                    # Passthrough device (direct ATA/SCSI access)
device          ses                     # Enclosure Services (SES and SAF-TE)
#device         ctl                     # CAM Target Layer

# RAID controllers interfaced to the SCSI subsystem
device          amr                     # AMI MegaRAID
device          arcmsr                  # Areca SATA II RAID
device          ciss                    # Compaq Smart RAID 5*
device          dpt                     # DPT Smartcache III, IV - See NOTES for options
device          hptmv                   # Highpoint RocketRAID 182x
device          hptnr                   # Highpoint DC7280, R750
device          hptrr                   # Highpoint RocketRAID 17xx, 22xx, 23xx, 25xx
device          hpt27xx                 # Highpoint RocketRAID 27xx
device          iir                     # Intel Integrated RAID
device          ips                     # IBM (Adaptec) ServeRAID
device          mly                     # Mylex AcceleRAID/eXtremeRAID
device          twa                     # 3ware 9000 series PATA/SATA RAID
device          tws                     # LSI 3ware 9750 SATA+SAS 6Gb/s RAID controller

# RAID controllers
device          aac                     # Adaptec FSA RAID
device          aacp                    # SCSI passthrough for aac (requires CAM)
device          aacraid                 # Adaptec by PMC RAID
device          ida                     # Compaq Smart RAID
device          mfi                     # LSI MegaRAID SAS
device          mlx                     # Mylex DAC960 family
device          mrsas                   # LSI/Avago MegaRAID SAS/SATA, 6Gb/s and 12Gb/s
device          pmspcv                  # PMC-Sierra SAS/SATA Controller driver
#XXX pointer/int warnings
#device         pst                     # Promise Supertrak SX6000
device          twe                     # 3ware ATA RAID

# NVM Express (NVMe) support
device          nvme                    # base NVMe driver
device          nvd                     # expose NVMe namespaces as disks, depends on nvme

# atkbdc0 controls both the keyboard and the PS/2 mouse
device          atkbdc                  # AT keyboard controller
device          atkbd                   # AT keyboard
device          psm                     # PS/2 mouse

device          kbdmux                  # keyboard multiplexer

device          vga                     # VGA video card driver
options         VESA                    # Add support for VESA BIOS Extensions (VBE)

device          splash                  # Splash screen and screen saver support

# syscons is the default console driver, resembling an SCO console
device          sc
options         SC_PIXEL_MODE           # add support for the raster text mode
options         SC_PIXEL_MODE       # add support for the raster text mode
options         SC_NORM_ATTR=(FG_GREEN|BG_BLACK)
options         SC_KERNEL_CONS_ATTR=(FG_WHITE|BG_BLACK)

# vt is the new video console driver
device          vt
device          vt_vga
device          vt_efifb

device          agp                     # support several AGP chipsets

# PCCARD (PCMCIA) support
# PCMCIA and cardbus bridge support
#device         cbb                     # cardbus (yenta) bridge
#device         pccard                  # PC Card (16-bit) bus
#device         cardbus                 # CardBus (32-bit) bus

# Serial (COM) ports
#device         uart                    # Generic UART driver

# Parallel port
device          ppc
device          ppbus                   # Parallel port bus (required)
#device         lpt                     # Printer
device          ppi                     # Parallel port interface device
#device         vpo                     # Requires scbus and da

#device         puc                     # Multi I/O cards and multi-channel UARTs

# PCI Ethernet NICs.
#device         bxe                     # Broadcom NetXtreme II BCM5771X/BCM578XX 10GbE
#device         de                      # DEC/Intel DC21x4x (``Tulip'')
device          em                      # Intel PRO/1000 Gigabit Ethernet Family
#device         igb                     # Intel PRO/1000 PCIE Server Gigabit Family
#device         ix                      # Intel PRO/10GbE PCIE PF Ethernet
#device         ixv                     # Intel PRO/10GbE PCIE VF Ethernet
#device         ixl                     # Intel XL710 40Gbe PCIE Ethernet
#device         ixlv                    # Intel XL710 40Gbe VF PCIE Ethernet
#device         le                      # AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx PCnet
#device         ti                      # Alteon Networks Tigon I/II gigabit Ethernet
#device         txp                     # 3Com 3cR990 (``Typhoon'')
#device         vx                      # 3Com 3c590, 3c595 (``Vortex'')

# PCI Ethernet NICs that use the common MII bus controller code.
# NOTE: Be sure to keep the 'device miibus' line in order to use these NICs!
#device         miibus                  # MII bus support
#device         ae                      # Attansic/Atheros L2 FastEthernet
#device         age                     # Attansic/Atheros L1 Gigabit Ethernet
#device         alc                     # Atheros AR8131/AR8132 Ethernet
#device         ale                     # Atheros AR8121/AR8113/AR8114 Ethernet
#device         bce                     # Broadcom BCM5706/BCM5708 Gigabit Ethernet
#device         bfe                     # Broadcom BCM440x 10/100 Ethernet
#device         bge                     # Broadcom BCM570xx Gigabit Ethernet
#device         cas                     # Sun Cassini/Cassini+ and NS DP83065 Saturn
#device         dc                      # DEC/Intel 21143 and various workalikes
#device         et                      # Agere ET1310 10/100/Gigabit Ethernet
#device         fxp                     # Intel EtherExpress PRO/100B (82557, 82558)
#device         gem                     # Sun GEM/Sun ERI/Apple GMAC
#device         hme                     # Sun HME (Happy Meal Ethernet)
#device         jme                     # JMicron JMC250 Gigabit/JMC260 Fast Ethernet
#device         lge                     # Level 1 LXT1001 gigabit Ethernet
#device         msk                     # Marvell/SysKonnect Yukon II Gigabit Ethernet
#device         nfe                     # nVidia nForce MCP on-board Ethernet
#device         nge                     # NatSemi DP83820 gigabit Ethernet
#device         pcn                     # AMD Am79C97x PCI 10/100 (precedence over 'le')
#device         re                      # RealTek 8139C+/8169/8169S/8110S
#device         rl                      # RealTek 8129/8139
#device         sf                      # Adaptec AIC-6915 (``Starfire'')
#device         sge                     # Silicon Integrated Systems SiS190/191
#device         sis                     # Silicon Integrated Systems SiS 900/SiS 7016
#device         sk                      # SysKonnect SK-984x & SK-982x gigabit Ethernet
#device         ste                     # Sundance ST201 (D-Link DFE-550TX)
#device         stge                    # Sundance/Tamarack TC9021 gigabit Ethernet
#device         tl                      # Texas Instruments ThunderLAN
#device         tx                      # SMC EtherPower II (83c170 ``EPIC'')
#device         vge                     # VIA VT612x gigabit Ethernet
#device         vr                      # VIA Rhine, Rhine II
#device         wb                      # Winbond W89C840F
#device         xl                      # 3Com 3c90x (``Boomerang'', ``Cyclone'')

# Wireless NIC cards
#device         wlan                    # 802.11 support
#options        IEEE80211_DEBUG         # enable debug msgs
#options        IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE     # age frames in AMPDU reorder q's
#options        IEEE80211_SUPPORT_MESH  # enable 802.11s draft support
#device         wlan_wep                # 802.11 WEP support
#device         wlan_ccmp               # 802.11 CCMP support
#device         wlan_tkip               # 802.11 TKIP support
#device         wlan_amrr               # AMRR transmit rate control algorithm
#device         an                      # Aironet 4500/4800 802.11 wireless NICs.
#device         ath                     # Atheros NICs
#device         ath_pci                 # Atheros pci/cardbus glue
#device         ath_hal                 # pci/cardbus chip support
#options        AH_SUPPORT_AR5416       # enable AR5416 tx/rx descriptors
#options        AH_AR5416_INTERRUPT_MITIGATION # AR5416 interrupt mitigation
#options        ATH_ENABLE_11N          # Enable 802.11n support for AR5416 and later
#device         ath_rate_sample         # SampleRate tx rate control for ath
#device         bwi                     # Broadcom BCM430x/BCM431x wireless NICs.
#device         bwn                     # Broadcom BCM43xx wireless NICs.
#device         ipw                     # Intel 2100 wireless NICs.
#device         iwi                     # Intel 2200BG/2225BG/2915ABG wireless NICs.
#device         iwn                     # Intel 4965/1000/5000/6000 wireless NICs.
#device         malo                    # Marvell Libertas wireless NICs.
#device         mwl                     # Marvell 88W8363 802.11n wireless NICs.
#device         ral                     # Ralink Technology RT2500 wireless NICs.
#device         wi                      # WaveLAN/Intersil/Symbol 802.11 wireless NICs.
#device         wpi                     # Intel 3945ABG wireless NICs.

# Pseudo devices.
device          loop                    # Network loopback
device          random                  # Entropy device
device          padlock_rng             # VIA Padlock RNG
device          rdrand_rng              # Intel Bull Mountain RNG
device          ether                   # Ethernet support
device          vlan                    # 802.1Q VLAN support
device          tun                     # Packet tunnel.
device          md                      # Memory "disks"
device          gif                     # IPv6 and IPv4 tunneling
device          firmware                # firmware assist module

# The `bpf' device enables the Berkeley Packet Filter.
# Be aware of the administrative consequences of enabling this!
# Note that 'bpf' is required for DHCP.
device          bpf                     # Berkeley packet filter

# USB support
options         USB_DEBUG               # enable debug msgs
device          uhci                    # UHCI PCI->USB interface
device          ohci                    # OHCI PCI->USB interface
device          ehci                    # EHCI PCI->USB interface (USB 2.0)
device          xhci                    # XHCI PCI->USB interface (USB 3.0)
device          usb                     # USB Bus (required)
device          ukbd                    # Keyboard
device          umass                   # Disks/Mass storage - Requires scbus and da

# Sound support
#device         sound                   # Generic sound driver (required)
#device         snd_cmi                 # CMedia CMI8338/CMI8738
#device         snd_csa                 # Crystal Semiconductor CS461x/428x
#device         snd_emu10kx             # Creative SoundBlaster Live! and Audigy
#device         snd_es137x              # Ensoniq AudioPCI ES137x
#device         snd_hda                 # Intel High Definition Audio
#device         snd_ich                 # Intel, NVidia and other ICH AC'97 Audio
#device         snd_via8233             # VIA VT8233x Audio

# MMC/SD
device          mmc                     # MMC/SD bus
device          mmcsd                   # MMC/SD memory card
device          sdhci                   # Generic PCI SD Host Controller

# VirtIO support
device          virtio                  # Generic VirtIO bus (required)
device          virtio_pci              # VirtIO PCI device
device          vtnet                   # VirtIO Ethernet device
device          virtio_blk              # VirtIO Block device
device          virtio_scsi             # VirtIO SCSI device
device          virtio_balloon          # VirtIO Memory Balloon device

# HyperV drivers and enhancement support
device          hyperv                  # HyperV drivers

# Xen HVM Guest Optimizations
# NOTE: XENHVM depends on xenpci.  They must be added or removed together.
#options        XENHVM                  # Xen HVM kernel infrastructure
#device         xenpci                  # Xen HVM Hypervisor services driver

# VMware support
#device         vmx                     # VMware VMXNET3 Ethernet

# Netmap provides direct access to TX/RX rings on supported NICs
device          netmap                  # netmap(4) support

# The crypto framework is required by IPSEC
device          crypto                  # Required by IPSEC

cd /usr/src/ 
make clean && make buildkernel KERNCONF=Taurean
make installkernel KERNCONF=Taurean && make clean && sync
shutdown -r now